Admitting renewable production of electric power and gas has a massive impact on the operation of transport networks for electricity, gas and district heating. Strongly fluctuating feed-in at medium and lower network levels requires increasingly interactive, model-based concepts for optimal control under uncertainty.
District heating networks, for example, primarily supply heat and hot water. However, a significant portion of revenues comes from selling electricity generated through cogeneration of heat and power.
Considering the spatial and transient behavior of the district heating network makes it possible to use the network as large energy storage system that responds to volatility in the electricity market, thereby increasing company profits.